主頁 >> 翻譯技巧 >> 正說反譯或反說正譯 Surface mail takes longer than airmail. Who he is talking about is no other than his father. This color will not stand. I feel nothing but contempt for such dishonest behavior. Europeans generally deny that, as the old saying has it, their economics develop pneumonia wherever American sneezes. Still, political leaders are quick to point a finger at other countries when it suits them. 詞類轉換 n.---v. No entry. There is a cut in the import taxes of automobile. The arrival of the train was delayed. Which is your choice The disappearance of a schoolgirl was very worrying among the teachers. In the developed countries, there is a great shortage of work force. Men have been farmers since very early times. They are not interested in the peaceful uses of atomic energy. v.---n. This kind of behavior characterizes the criminal mind. We rely more than any other major economic nations on the goods and services that we export, the investment that we attract and we make abroad. CNN reported events as they happened. One should always base one's opinions on facts. n.---adj. Scientists are no strangers to politics. Each will be dealt with according to the seriousness of his case. Adj.---n. His behaviors make us suspicious. Computers are more flexible than other machines. Adv.---adj. The depth of the lake has been variously calculated at from 15 meters to 18 meters. n.---v. He gave me free access to his library. He has vivid recollection of it. N.---adv. Eg. They accepted the invitation with great unwillingness. Adv.---n. Eg. Today, with our life going on at an increasingly faster pace, both mentally and physically we are being more overdrawn than ever before. Pron.---n. Eg. The freezing point of alcohol is much lower than that of water. prep.---v. His life was a struggle, first against poverty and later against disease. All the suggestions I have made are for your reference. That we here highly resolve---that this nation under God, shall have a new birth of freedom, and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth. 詞語增減 增詞 Although the earthquake attacked most parts of Taiwan, the impact is uneven. The only way to make a difference in the world is to put ten times as much effort into everything as anyone else thinks is reasonable. It doesn't leave any time for golf or cocktails, but it gets things done. 減詞 The producer misleads the consumers by its advertisement. If you make a promise, you should keep it. 定語從句 限定性定語從句 一般譯成"的"字結構,放在所修飾的名詞之前 Anyone who has not attended a large college football game has missed one of the most colorful aspects of American college life. Recent scientific studies show that kids who eat breakfast do better in school. We all know people who have had a relatively easy life yet remain essentially unhappy. And we know people who have suffered a great deal but generally remain happy. If we go back to our earliest history we will find that initially the Europeans who arrived and began to operate in American waters arrived with very different values and views from those were held by the original Americans-the Native Americans. In countries that were hardest hit by crisis, considerable work remains to be done. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. The persons who smoke one or two packs of cigarettes a day loses on average six to eight percent of his blood's oxygen-carrying capacity. One of the sad truths of the crisis that swept through the emerging market economies is that the most vulnerable members of those societies bore the heaviest burden. 非限定性定語從句 一般采用分譯法,根據從句與主句在邏輯上的關系和從句與主句的關系的緊密程度,將從句譯成表示並列關系或主從關系的分句,甚至譯成一個獨立的簡單句 The international community faces another, even more daunting and urgent challenge at the beginning of the new millennium: the reduction of poverty in the world's poorest countries, where 1.3 billion people live on less than $1 a day. The forestry office's scientists blame the damage on air pollution including acid rain and fog, which is created by the action of ultraviolet light on pollutants. Still, it's interesting to note that while Yahoo's commercial ventures were snuffed, the company's Geocities sites, which host just-plain-folks home pages, were left alone. Launching an assault on someone's computer or Web site without an apparent financial gain is a hallmark of "black hat" hackers, who get their chips off by using a crummy laptop machine to ruin the days of e-commerce moguls like Jeff Bezos. 特殊定語從句 可分譯,分譯時關系代詞通常譯成"這"以代替主句 Conditions in the two places differ greatly, which is known to all. 定語從句處理爲表因果,目的,結果或條件關系的狀語 The international community has placed particular emphasis on the development of standards and codes that will help bring new transparency and order to government policy-making, financial market regulation and corporate governance. We cannot live on the moon, where here is no air and water. He took Chinese medicine which relieved his symptoms. He has never been back to his hometown, where he left 20 years ago. One of the hall-marks of Rodin's work is the "unfinished" state where he prefers to leave something to the imagination of the beholder. There may be a time when the human beings will feel regretful for what they have done. He has reached the stage where he just don't care anything. The parents who take care of themselves will be able to take care of their children. There are principles which we all believe in. 直譯和意譯 This film is a dramatic treatment of a threatened stoppage in a factory. Good marriage doesn't just happen. They take a lot of love and a lot of work. 順譯法 按原文句子結構的排列進行翻譯 適合原文敘述層次與漢語相近的長複句翻譯,如只含名詞性從句的複句,狀語從句在前,從句在後的長複合句等等. In fact, the award of the football scholarships had reached a stage at which it amounts virtually to the signing on of a professional football player, and one even sees photographs in newspapers of university coaches engaging a group of three or four very good football players to come and play football in the university squad. Since 1988, when the World Health Assembly declared its aim to eradicate polio globally by 2000, the number of cases has been slashed by 90%, from an estimated 350,000 cases to about 35,000 today. 倒譯法 顛倒原文句子結構的排列順序來進行翻譯 The football students can be removed from the university if they fail to pass their examinations. Two things account for the occurrence. Alfred laid its foundations at the end of the ninth century. El Nino, the periodic warming of eastern Pacific Ocean waters, caused a burst of plant growth throughout the world, and this removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, researchers have found. 分譯法/拆譯法 拆詞,將難譯的詞從句子主幹拆離出來,另作處理,句式要作相應的調整,拆譯的詞通常是形容詞和副詞 或是將某個成分單獨拿出來另譯,或根據譯文需要打散句子,重新組織. 非限制性定從句 Certainly by the 12th century scholars were teaching in the town and their fame had spread to the Continent, particularly to the Sorbonnes in Paris, then Europe's greatest center of learning. Natural weather events, such as the brief warming caused by El Nino, have a much more dramatic effect than previously believed on how much carbon dioxide is absorbed by plants and how much of the gas is expelled by the soils. 合譯法 將原文的兩個和幾個分開敘述的意思或層次合並重組,使全句的結構更加緊湊,語氣更加通順 However, even the prescient Tocqueville, who predicated 150 years ago that the United States and Russia would emerge as two great contending world powers, could not have foreseen that the nation that potentially could decide the world balance of power in the last decades of the twentieth century, and that could become the most powerful nation on earth during the twenty-first century, would be China. 成語 Strike while the iron is hot. 趁熱打鐵 a castle in the air 空中樓閣 to go through fire and water 赴湯蹈火 to turn a blind eye to 熟視無睹 to add fuel to the flames 火上澆油 to kill two birds with one stone 一石兩鳥 to turn a deaf ear to 充耳不聞 to wash one's hands of 洗手不幹 heart and soul 全心全意 a stony heart 鐵石心腸 to give up halfway 半途而廢 to call white black 顛倒黑白 as easy as turning over one's palm 易如反掌 beyond cure 不可救藥 Walls have ears. 隔牆有耳 to blow one's own horn 自吹自擂 Misfortunes never come singly. 禍不單行 to fish in troubled waters 混水摸魚 to be on thin ice 如履薄冰 to add flowers on the brocade 錦上添花 to be wild with joy 欣喜若狂 to go all out 全力以赴 in broad daylight 光天化日 to be mindful of personal gains and losses 患得患失 a bolt from the b1ue 晴天霹雳 to hang by a hair 千鈞一發 to show one's colors 原形畢露 to spend money like water 揮金如土 a drop in the ocean 滄海一粟 at sixes and sevens 亂七八糟 to be dead drunk 爛醉如泥 to f1y into a rage 勃然大怒 to sleep with one's weapon as pillow 枕戈待旦 six of one and half a dozen of the other 半斤八兩 to kill the goose that lays the golden eggs 殺雞取卵 to burn the boat 破釜沈舟 one's ability falling short of one's wish 力不從心 to loot a burning house 趁火打劫 by fair means or foul 不擇手段 to fish in the air 水中撈月 to catch at shadows 捕風捉影 Love me, love my dog. 愛屋及烏 Man proposes, God disposes. 謀事在人,成事在天 to rob Peter to pay Paul 拆東牆補西牆 Every Jack has his Jill 人各有偶 Look before you leap. 三思而後行 To burn the midnight oil 開夜車 to work hand in glove with 與……狼狽爲奸 to miss the boat 坐失良機 a black sheep 害群之馬 narrow escape 九死一生 abuse 胡作非爲 ambitious 狼子野心,野心勃勃 be quite true 投機取巧 be polite 彬彬有禮 bravado 虛張聲勢 bully 恃強欺弱 careful 小心翼翼 classify 分門別類 collapse 分崩離析,土崩瓦解 daydream 白日做夢 deep-seated, deep-rooted, deep-entrenched 由來已久,根深蒂固 disappear 無影無蹤 drift 放任自流 encouraging 歡欣鼓舞 elated 興高采烈,得意洋洋 evasive 含糊其辭 flee 抱頭鼠竄,逃之夭夭 furious 火冒三丈,暴跳如雷 gusto 興致勃勃,生氣勃勃 haughty 驕做自大,目中無人 impartial 公正無私,不偏不倚 just a few 寥寥無幾 inflexible 堅定不移 self-sufficient 自給自足 slipshod 馬馬虎虎,粗枝大葉 worthless 一文不值,不值一錢 overcrowded 水泄不通 unfathomable 深不可測 unheard-of 前所未聞 well-known 衆所周知 world-shaking 驚天動地,震撼世界 well-dressed 衣冠楚楚 一些有比喻意義,象征意義或曆史典故的英語習語 sour grapes 酸葡萄(把得不到的東西說成是不好的) olive branch 橄榄枝(和平的象征) a Judas kiss 猶大的吻(比喻背叛行爲,口蜜腹劍) crocodile tears 鳄魚的眼淚(比喻假慈悲) the fifth column 第五縱隊(比喻間諜和內奸) Waterloo 滑鐵盧(比喻慘敗,致命的打擊) Eden 伊甸園(比喻樂園,安樂土) Pandora's box 潘朵拉的盒子(比喻災禍的來源) The sword of Damocles 懸挂在達摩克裏斯頭頂上的劍(比喻臨頭的危險) The Trojan horse 特洛伊木馬(比喻起內部破壞作用的因素) The tower of ivory 象牙之塔(比喻脫離現實生活的小天地) Solomon 所羅門(比喻聰明人或賢人) Watergate 水門(比喻爲擊敗政治對手而濫用國家權力) hellfire 地獄火(比喻苦苦折磨人的東西) stick and carrot 大棒與胡蘿蔔(比喻軟硬兼施) wolf in sheep's clothing 披著羊皮的豺狼(比喻僞裝友善的敵人) forbidden fruit 禁果(比喻非法的逸樂,尤指不正當的兩性關系) a Sphinx's ridd1e 斯芬克司之謎(比喻難題或難解之謎) 諺語 不入虎穴,焉得虎子 Nothing venture,nothing have. 雄辨是銀,沈默是金 Speech is silver,silence is gold. 天網恢恢,疏而不漏 The mills of God grind slowly. 誰笑在最後,誰笑得最好 He laughs best who laughs last. 貪多必失 Grasp all, lose all. 以身作則勝于口頭教誨 Example is better than precept. 亡羊補牢,時猶未晚 It is never too late to mend. 留得青山在,不怕沒柴燒 Where there is life there is hope. 歲月不待人 Time and tide wait for no man. 多行不義必自斃 Give a thief enough rope and he'll hang himself. 小洞不補,大洞吃苦 A stitch in time saves nine. 事實勝于雄辨 Facts speak louder than words. 一朝被蛇咬,十年怕草繩 A burnt child dreads the fire. 一著不慎,滿盤皆輸 A chain is no stronger than its weakest link. 貪多嚼不爛 Don' t bite off more than you can chew. 慢工出細活 Soft fire makes sweet malt. 天下沒有不散的筵席 The best of friends must part. 聰明一世,糊塗一時 Every man has a fool in his sleeve. 智者千慮,必有一失 Homer sometimes nods. 事已定局,無可挽回 What' s done cannot be undone. 一寸光陰一寸金 Time is money. 捷足先登 The early bird catches the worm. 巧婦難爲無米之炊 You can' t make omelettes without breaking eggs. 兩害相權取其輕 Of two evils choose the less. 天助自助者 God helps those who help themselves. 近朱者赤,近墨者黑 He who lies with dogs will rise with fleas. 偉業非一日之功 Rome was not built in a day. 出門一裏,不如家裏(或:金窩,銀窩,不如自己的草窩) East and west, home is best. 吃飯是爲了活著,但活著不是爲了吃飯 Eat to live, and not live to eat. 自信是走向成功之路的第一步 Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success. 有比沒有好 Half a loaf is better than no bread. 入國問禁,入鄉隨俗 Do in Rome as the Romans do. 欲速則不達 More haste, less speed. 自作自受 Self do, self have. 有錢能使鬼推磨 Money makes the mare go. 上梁不正下梁歪 Fish begins to stink at the head. 少壯不努力,老大徒傷悲 A lazy youth,a lousy age. 旁觀者清,當局者迷 Lookers-on see more than players. 良好的開端等于成功的一半 Well begun is half done. 說起來容易做起來難 Easier said than done. 良藥苦口 Bitter pills may have wholesome effects. It句式 It Is important that… ……是很重要的 It is likely that… 有可能…… It is essential that… ……是必不可少的 It is evident that… 顯然…… It is questionable that… ……是值得懷疑的 It follows that… 由此可見一 It turns out… 其結果是…… It stands to reason that… ……是有道理的 It is the case that… 事實是…… It is no good that… ……是沒有益處的 It is blessing that… 幸運的是…… It is reported that… 據報道…… It is known that… 衆所周知…… It is believed that… 人們相信…… It is found that… 人們發現…… It is understood that… 不用說…… It Is written that… 據記載…… It has been proved that… 現已證實…… It should be pointed that… 必須指出…… It must be admitted that… 必須承認…… 【参与此项内容的评论,发表你的观点】

 

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